
Ancestor calculations 9 Generations
Understanding these calculations can be intricate, but we're here to help you understnad it.
Pedigree analysis relies on the database information and is only as accurate as the data available. Incomplete generations, where ancestors are unknown, are highlighted in red. To improve accuracy, missing dogs need to be added. If too many dogs are missing, the COI (Coefficient of Inbreeding) can be shown as 0.000%.
Ancestor Loss, Maximum Ancestors, Actual Ancestors:
The maximum potential number of ancestors in a pedigree can be calculated using the formula 2^(number of generations + 1) - 2. Ancestor loss is figured by comparing this maximum with the actual number of different ancestors. For example, in a four-generation pedigree with 30 dogs, if there are 30 unique dogs, there's no ancestor loss. But if there are only 26 unique dogs, indicating some inbreeding, the ancestor loss would be 13.3%.
Percentage of Genetic Contribution:
This estimates how much each ancestor contributes to the pedigree's genetics. Sire and dam each contribute 50%, grandsires and granddams 25%, great-grandparents 12.5%, and so on. Whenever an ancestor appears in the pedigree, their percentage values are added together. For instance, a dog in the grandparent generation contributes 25%, and if it also appears in the great-grandparent generation (12.5%), its total genetic contribution would be 37.5%.
Calculations for:
AVIGDORS DESDEMONA
Coefficient of Inbreeding (COI):
Analysis Summary | # of dogs | Gen 1 | Gen 2 | Gen 3 | Gen 4 | Gen 5 | Gen 6 | Gen 7 | Gen 8 | Gen 9 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ancestors in 9 generations | 200 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 11 | 14 | 25 | 40 | 55 | 93 |
Max. ancestor count | 1022 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 16 | 32 | 64 | 128 | 256 | 512 |
Ancestor loss | 822 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Ancestor loss % | 80.4% | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Ancestors | Genetic Contribution % | # of appearances | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AVIGDORS FAHRENHEIT 212 HOMEWOOD ROCKYDELL | 50.00% | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
AVIGDORS RUFFINA | 50.00% | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
ROCKYDELL HOMEWOOD MISSION IMPOSSIBLE | 25.00% | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
AVIGDORS ZANA-ZAN | 25.00% | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
HERONE DE LA PARURE | 25.00% | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
AVIGDORS EXTASE DE MA BEAUTE | 12.50% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
AVIGDORS CHRISTINA AGUILERA ROYAL DESIRE | 12.50% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
AVIGDORS LEGION D'HONNEUR | 12.50% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
AVIGDORS PROBATUM EST | 12.50% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
12.50% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
EVISU DE LA PARURE | 12.50% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
HONORE DE TAMERAN | 9.38% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
FLAUBERT DE LA PARURE | 9.38% | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
DAULOKKE'S VENUE D'AMOUR | 9.38% | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
EXQUISITE DE LA PARURE | 7.03% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
DAULÖKKE'S UNE AFAIR D'AMOUR | 7.03% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
AVIGDORS GARGAMELLE | 6.25% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
AVIGDORS SENSATION DE LA REIGNE ANIMAL | 6.25% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
AVIGDORS IDEE FIXE | 6.25% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
6.25% | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 6 | 12 | |
AVIGDORS BIS | 6.25% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
AVIGDORS TORTILLA | 6.25% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
6.25% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
DINO BAFLO | 6.25% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
6.25% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
CONFUCIUS DE LA PARURE | 5.86% | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 0 |
EGOISTE DE LA PARURE | 5.66% | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 11 |
ARMANI DE LA PARURE | 5.66% | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 |
UNIC DE LA PARURE | 5.47% | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 |
ZENITH DE LA PARURE | 5.08% | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 2 |
4.69% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
4.69% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
DELILAH DELL'AKIRIS | 4.69% | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
DAULÖKKE'S NORDIQUE TRUFFE | 4.69% | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
4.49% | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | |
PETI LLEVR TATA | 4.49% | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 |
CACHAREL DE LA PARURE | 4.30% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
UNBARSY DE LA PARURE | 4.30% | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
QUINTON XAR DU COUSTEAU | 4.30% | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
DAULÖKKE'S NORDIQUE HAUT-COUTURE | 4.30% | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
OTTO-PRINCE DE LA PARURE | 4.10% | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 9 |
HANAHAUS BRONZED OSSIE | 4.10% | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
AVIGDORS BONUM FACTUM | 3.13% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
AVIGDORS BONA MENTE | 3.13% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
AVIGDORS EXPRESSION | 3.13% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
DAULÖKKE'S DE'JA-VU | 3.13% | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 0 |
ANATOLE DE LA PARURE | 3.13% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
AVIGDORS AIME ARDEMMENT DESIRE | 3.13% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
ZINA DE LA PARURE | 2.93% | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 1 |
HONNORE-TAMINO DE LA CHAMPETRE | 2.93% | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 3 |
LEIBOLL'S HANNIBAL | 2.93% | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 7 |
ADONIS EL FUERTE | 2.73% | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
PABLO PICASSO DE LA PARURE | 2.73% | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
MONTBLANC DELL'AKIRIS | 2.73% | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
AVIGDORS TROYA | 2.73% | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 |
LEIBÖLL'S MERCEDES | 2.73% | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
MAROUSIA DE LA PARURE | 2.73% | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
XOE DE LA PARURE | 2.34% | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
BRUNO DELL'AKIRIS | 2.34% | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 |
VALENTINO DE LA PARURE | 2.34% | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 8 |
YSATIS DE LA PARURE | 2.34% | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
BORN-Ö'S DOMINIQUE | 2.34% | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 8 |
2.34% | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | |
JACQUELLA OURAGAN | 2.15% | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
2.15% | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | |
2.15% | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | |
KAY LES PETITS ARCHANGES | 2.15% | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
2.15% | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | |
2.15% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
COMEPATABULL'S READY TO RUMBLE | 1.95% | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
RAMONA PRINCESSE DE LA PARURE | 1.76% | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
A'VIGDORS BRABUS | 1.56% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
DAULÖKKE'S LUFFEE | 1.56% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
GEORGIE UNIC VAN MUPPY'S PLACE | 1.56% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
COLONEL TRUSARDI DE LA PARURE | 1.56% | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
DAULOKKE'S UZO LE CHAMOUR | 1.56% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
DAULÖKKE'S GOURMET DU MILA | 1.56% | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 |
RUTKJAER'S ALBERTE | 1.56% | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 |
GORDITA BAFLO | 1.56% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
SHANN'S GEORGIA PEACH | 1.37% | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 |
GUY-LAROCHE DE LA PARURE | 1.37% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
TOPETTE MISS MILO | 1.37% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
ZINADINE DE LA PARURE | 1.17% | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
ANJOU DE LA PARURE | 1.17% | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
NANA' DELL'AKIRIS | 1.17% | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
DON CAMILO DE LA PARURE | 1.17% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
LEOPARD VAN EPPIES BARGIE | 1.17% | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
MEREDIQUE DE LA CHAMPETRE | 1.17% | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
JAGUAR'S NOEL OF JEALYN | 0.98% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
OMAR SHARIF DE LA PARURE | 0.98% | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
JACQUELLA JACQUES | 0.98% | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
ESTELLA DE LA PARURE | 0.98% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 |
AVIGDORS BENTLEY | 0.78% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
UNBARA DE LA PARURE | 0.78% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
0.78% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
0.78% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
LEIBÖLL'S MUFFEE | 0.78% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
FRANCOIS DE LA PARURE | 0.78% | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
LEIBÖLL'S CATHARINA | 0.78% | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
JACQUELLA MERVEILLEUX | 0.78% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
0.78% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
DUSTIN VON GLANDORF | 0.78% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
MAKSIMA MAMBO | 0.78% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
ANJA VAN HARTOGS VREUGD | 0.59% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
WINNY DE LA PARURE | 0.59% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
GIBOULEE MA JOIE | 0.59% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
BLACKY | 0.59% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
CHIRINE MA JOIE | 0.59% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
CHEN-CHEN CHANELL-NUMBER-ONE | 0.59% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
BIJOU VON DER RUE DE LA VERT | 0.59% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
TOPETTE TOBY JUG | 0.59% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
TOPETTE MARGARITA | 0.59% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
L'ANGE DE LA PARURE | 0.39% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
BORN-Ö'S BONA DEA | 0.39% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
JOIE VAN EPPIES BARGIE | 0.39% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
ODILO VON DER GRIMMELSBURG | 0.39% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
DORYAN VAN HET PENSELENHOEKJE | 0.39% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
CARESSE-CHANTAL DE L'AMABILITE | 0.39% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
CHIQUITA VON DER GRIMMELSBURG | 0.39% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
0.39% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
ALLSTONE DOUGLAS | 0.39% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
0.39% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
0.39% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
FELIPE V.D.ZUYLENSTEDE | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
SHANN'S EARTH ANGEL | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
KISHNIGA'S SHOWBIZ CHELSEA | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
KISHNIGA'S BENVENUTO | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
HENRY-MATISSE DE LA PARURE | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
CATHERINEDENEUVE DELL'AKIRIS | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
SOPHIE DE LA PARURE | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
JAGUAR'S FRAULINE | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
TOPETTE KRYSTAL IMAGE | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
TENAFLY SHEER GOLD | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
TOPETTE BUBBLES | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
JEMHIEDE JUST JAMES | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
BARON BALOU DE LA PARURE | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
COCO VON DER GRIMMELSBURG | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
AMADEE MA JOIE | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
RANNI | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
COLONEL BLANC DE LA PARURE | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
ANDREA DES GENTILS MINOIS | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
JACQUELLA GIGOLETTE | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
SAPHIRE VON GLANDORF | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
BELBOULECAN HISTOIRE DE MA VIE | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
JAGUAR'S COEUR DE ROCKER | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
GIVENCHY EXCLUSIVE VON GLANDORF | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |