Ancestor calculations 9 Generations
Understanding these calculations can be intricate, but we're here to help you understnad it.
Pedigree analysis relies on the database information and is only as accurate as the data available. Incomplete generations, where ancestors are unknown, are highlighted in red. To improve accuracy, missing dogs need to be added. If too many dogs are missing, the COI (Coefficient of Inbreeding) can be shown as 0.000%.
Ancestor Loss, Maximum Ancestors, Actual Ancestors:
The maximum potential number of ancestors in a pedigree can be calculated using the formula 2^(number of generations + 1) - 2. Ancestor loss is figured by comparing this maximum with the actual number of different ancestors. For example, in a four-generation pedigree with 30 dogs, if there are 30 unique dogs, there's no ancestor loss. But if there are only 26 unique dogs, indicating some inbreeding, the ancestor loss would be 13.3%.
Percentage of Genetic Contribution:
This estimates how much each ancestor contributes to the pedigree's genetics. Sire and dam each contribute 50%, grandsires and granddams 25%, great-grandparents 12.5%, and so on. Whenever an ancestor appears in the pedigree, their percentage values are added together. For instance, a dog in the grandparent generation contributes 25%, and if it also appears in the great-grandparent generation (12.5%), its total genetic contribution would be 37.5%.
Calculations for:
FABELHAFT ROBOBULL SPELLBOUND
Coefficient of Inbreeding (COI):
Analysis Summary | # of dogs | Gen 1 | Gen 2 | Gen 3 | Gen 4 | Gen 5 | Gen 6 | Gen 7 | Gen 8 | Gen 9 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ancestors in 9 generations | 202 | 2 | 3 | 7 | 11 | 17 | 21 | 35 | 59 | 84 |
Max. ancestor count | 1022 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 16 | 32 | 64 | 128 | 256 | 512 |
Ancestor loss | 820 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Ancestor loss % | 80.2% | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Ancestors | Genetic Contribution % | # of appearances | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DAULOKKE'S TRESOR LE BLANC | 50.00% | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
FABELHAFT WITCHING HOUR | 50.00% | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
DAULÖKKE'S ELISIR D'AMORE | 25.00% | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
DAULÖKKE'S ARISTOBELLE DU TEX | 25.00% | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
FABELHAFT ROBOBULL WITCHES BRU | 25.00% | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
ROBOBULL FABELHAFT INFERNO | 21.88% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
DAULOKKE'S SEDEUX LE SUPERBE | 12.50% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
DAULÖKKE'S RAFFINE | 12.50% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
DAULÖKKE'S NORDIQUE HAUT-COUTURE | 12.50% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
LEIBÖLL'S PRALINE' | 12.50% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
12.50% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
FABELHAFT ROBOBULL RUMBLEICI | 12.50% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
ROBOBULL FABELHAFT I'M ON FIRE | 12.50% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
COMEPATABULL'S READY TO RUMBLE | 10.94% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
EGOISTE DE LA PARURE | 9.77% | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 4 |
LEIBÖLL'S MERCEDES | 9.38% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
ROBOBULL FABELHAFT XCELSIOR | 9.38% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
UNIC DE LA PARURE | 8.20% | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
KISHNIGA'S BENVENUTO | 6.84% | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 |
LEIBOLL'S HANNIBAL | 6.64% | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
6.25% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
PABLO PICASSO DE LA PARURE | 6.25% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
LEIBÖLL'S OVID | 6.25% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
CHEN-CHEN CHANELL-NUMBER-ONE | 6.25% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
FABELHAFT ROBOBULL PANDAMONIUM | 6.25% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
FABELHAFT TOO HOT TO HANDLE | 6.25% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
FABELHAFT GRADON'S POTPOURRI | 6.25% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
ESCAPADE DE LA PARURE | 6.25% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
VI DU LAC STARHAVEN'S DANTE | 5.47% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
JUSTAMERE'S GOLDEN DELICIOUS | 5.47% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
COLONEL TRUSARDI DE LA PARURE | 5.08% | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 6 | 6 |
VALENTINO DE LA PARURE | 4.69% | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 6 |
BORN-Ö'S DOMINIQUE | 4.69% | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 6 |
RUTKJAER'S ALBERTE | 4.69% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
HONNORE-TAMINO DE LA CHAMPETRE | 4.49% | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 |
JACQUELLA OURAGAN | 4.10% | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
STARHAVEN'S MON SAUVAGE | 4.10% | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
OMAR SHARIF DE LA PARURE | 3.71% | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 7 |
FRANCOIS DE LA PARURE | 3.71% | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 5 |
RAMONA PRINCESSE DE LA PARURE | 3.32% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
LEIBÖLL'S CATHARINA | 3.13% | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 2 |
3.13% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
3.13% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
3.13% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
3.13% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
3.13% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
TEXAS BOY V. FIVELZIGHT | 3.13% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
CACHAREL DE LA PARURE | 3.13% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
FABELHAFT FLOWER POWER | 3.13% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
3.13% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
ANDREA DES GENTILS MINOIS | 2.93% | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 5 |
KISHNIGA'S SHOWBIZ CHELSEA | 2.73% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
2.73% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
2.73% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
VI DU LAC STARHAVEN'S ANGEL | 2.73% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
2.73% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
BARON BALOU DE LA PARURE | 2.54% | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 5 |
JACQUELLA GIGOLETTE | 2.54% | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 5 |
2.54% | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 7 | |
BLACKY | 2.34% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
CHIRINE MA JOIE | 2.15% | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 7 |
MEREDIQUE DE LA CHAMPETRE | 2.15% | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
JACQUELLA MERVEILLEUX | 1.95% | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
ZARTAN VON DER GRIMMELSBURG | 1.95% | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 4 |
ENSTROM'S SPIKE OF STARHAVEN | 1.95% | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
CROCKETT'S RAM BULL N GIRL | 1.95% | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
BIJOU VON DER RUE DE LA VERT | 1.76% | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
COLONEL BLANC DE LA PARURE | 1.56% | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 4 |
GIBOULEE MA JOIE | 1.56% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
ARMANI DE LA PARURE | 1.56% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1.56% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
EL TORRO'S ROCH VOISINE | 1.56% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1.56% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
WAMBO DE LA PARURE | 1.37% | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
ODILO VON DER GRIMMELSBURG | 1.37% | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 |
LEIBÖLL'S ANGELINA | 1.37% | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 |
1.37% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
STARHAVEN'S HOT AND SPICY | 1.37% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
COCO VON DER GRIMMELSBURG | 1.17% | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
AMADEE MA JOIE | 1.17% | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
BONBONNIERE-BLANCHE DE LA PARURE | 1.17% | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
HERCULE DU SOURIRE DOUX | 1.17% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
HEUREUX HENRI DE LA PARURE | 0.98% | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
0.98% | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | |
ENSTROM'S WILL HE MAKE IT | 0.98% | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
OKLAHOMA MISS V. FIVELZIGHT | 0.78% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
XOE DE LA PARURE | 0.78% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
OTTO-PRINCE DE LA PARURE | 0.78% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
L'ANGE DE LA PARURE | 0.78% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
CHIQUITA VON DER GRIMMELSBURG | 0.78% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
QUINCY VON DER GRIMMELSBURG | 0.78% | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
JACQUELLA EMMANUELLA | 0.78% | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
0.78% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | |
DORYAN VAN HET PENSELENHOEKJE | 0.78% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
CARESSE-CHANTAL DE L'AMABILITE | 0.78% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
0.78% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
0.78% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
WANDA'S SUGAR MAN | 0.78% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
RAMBULL'S MINERVA | 0.78% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
HANAHAUS BRONZED OSSIE | 0.78% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
0.78% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
COX'S GOODTIME CHARLIE BROWN | 0.78% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
EL TORRO'S SWEET JASMINE | 0.78% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
HELOISE VON DER GRIMMELSBURG | 0.59% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
LEIBÖLL'S BONITA | 0.59% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
0.59% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | |
ZUT-ZOLA VON RATIBOR UND CORVEY | 0.59% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
JOHN ROSS DES GENTILS MINOIS | 0.59% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
CHOWBULL FARUK | 0.59% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
0.59% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | |
ADELAIDE DU SOURIRE DOUX | 0.59% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
LINDY DES GENTILS MINOIS | 0.59% | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
ENSTROM'S EL'BEE GREAT | 0.59% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
0.59% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
UNBARSY DE LA PARURE | 0.39% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
DON CAMILO DE LA PARURE | 0.39% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
EXTRAVAGANTE DE LA PARURE | 0.39% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
ANJOU DE LA PARURE | 0.39% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
PICASSO DE LA PARURE | 0.39% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
TRIOMPHE TIA DE LA PARURE | 0.39% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
KISHNIGA KNOLLAND KATIE | 0.39% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
ENSTROM'S PUDDIN'S PRINCESS | 0.39% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
TOPETTE MISS MILO | 0.39% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
LEOPARD VAN EPPIES BARGIE | 0.39% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
ANJA VAN HARTOGS VREUGD | 0.39% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
COX'S GOOD TIME ACE IN THE HOLE | 0.39% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
COX'S GOODTIME MINDY LOU OFKN'D | 0.39% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
COX'S GOOD TIME DANDY ANDY | 0.39% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
0.39% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
COX'S GOOD TIME DORENE | 0.39% | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
QUATT ARABELLA | 0.39% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
WINNY DE LA PARURE | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
ILUSION DE LA PARURE | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
CORINNA VON DER GRIMMELSBURG | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
BERNICE VAN HET PENSELENHOEKJE | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
ARSENALL-IMPOSANT V.D. ZUYLENSTEDE | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
BABOUIN DE L'AMABILITE | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
ADELAINE DE LA PARURE | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
WOLF'N WRINKLES J. EDGAR | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
RAMBULL'S SWEET DOTTY GHOST | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
TOPETTE TOBY JUG | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
TOPETTE MARGARITA | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
RANNI | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
QUATT HONEYK | 0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
0.20% | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |